ISO 视角下大学生创业意向模型的实证研究

本文通过分析影响大学生创业意向的有关变量,将创业环境变量作为客观因素引入 ISO 模型,对ISO 模型进行了进一步的检验与扩充。对不同地区大学生的创业意向进行了网络问卷调查,共回收有效问卷300份,运用T检验、方差分析和结构方程模型的方法分析了大学生创业意向的影响因素。研究结果表明,ISO 模型是有效的,不同性别、学历的大学生在创业意向上存在显著性差异;不同专业的大学生在个人特质、创业态度上存在显著性差异;创业态度、个人特质、创业环境、个体背景等4个变量是影响大学生创业意向的主要因素;创业环境及个人特质正向影响大学生的创业态度。     

镍基催化剂对乙烷氧化脱氢制乙烯性能的研究

用均匀沉淀法制备了片状复合氧化镍NiMO(M=Li,Sr,Y,Fe,La)催化剂,并研究了其对乙烷氧化脱氢制乙烯的催化性能.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、程序升温还原(H2-TPR)和程序升温脱附(O2-TPD)等方法对镍基催化剂进行了表征.X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜检测结果表明:助剂的加入对催化剂的形貌影响不大,仍为片状结构;平均粒径为5~10 nm.程序升温还原和脱附表征结果表明:助剂Li,Sr并未进入NiO晶格;而助剂Y,Fe,La与Ni之间具有相互作用,因而影响催化剂的理化性质和催化活性.其中,Fe掺杂的片状氧化镍催化剂对乙烯的选择性和收率均有所改善,340℃时NiFeO催化剂上的乙烯收率可达18.2%.     

光谱法研究EDTA-Fe(Ⅲ)与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

应用紫外光谱法和荧光光谱法研究了乙二胺四乙酸铁(Ⅲ)(EDTA-Fe(Ⅲ))与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用.结果表明:EDTA-Fe(Ⅲ)可以进入牛血清白蛋白的疏水腔,使蛋白质非极性区的生色基暴露于极性溶剂;EDTA-Fe(Ⅲ)通过静态猝灭的方式使牛血清白蛋白的荧光强度显著降低;EDTA-Fe(Ⅲ)与牛血清白蛋白主要以氢键和范德华力相结合.测定了EDTA-Fe(Ⅲ)与牛血清白蛋白的结合常数KA和结合位点数n,利用Forster非辐射能量转移机制确定了牛血清白蛋白与EDTA-Fe(Ⅲ)的结合距离和能量转移效率,并使用同步荧光技术探讨了EDTA-Fe(Ⅲ)对牛血清白蛋白构象的影响.     

Finite element models and molecular dynamic simulations for studying the response of mast cell under mechanical activation

In micropipette aspiration experiment, increasing mechanical stress applied to cell membrane induced degranulation of mast cell as well as a current that could be inhibited by an inhibitor, which is specific for the transient receptor potential vanilloid （TRPVs） channels. To determine the sensitivity of TRPVs to membrane strain and tension, and to gain new insights into the activation mechanism of TRPVs, finite element models of mast cell and molecular dynamic simulations of human aquaporin-1 are presented. During the finite element simulations, the cell membrane sustained to micropipette aspiration was simulated, and the strain distribution along membrane thickness direction was obtained. Besides, combining the finite element models of osteoblast aspirated into micro- pipette and other compared models, we examined the relationship between cell mechanical stimulations and mechanical attributes and presented a new perspective to determine the cell equivalent elastic modulus. Consid- ering the indetermination of TRPV crystal structure, human aquaporin-1, one kind of the channel membrane proteins, substituting for TRPV, has been studied with molecular dynamic （MD） simulations, under different external lateral tensions which have been obtained in mast cell finite ele- ment simulations, to investigate the mechanical stimulation effects on the membrane channels. The simulations show that human aquaporin-1 undergoes significant conforma- tional change and expands in accordance with lateraltension, which not only confirms the tendency of the pre- vious electrophysiological experiments but also leads us to a better understanding of TRPVs. The multi-scale study combining finite element simulation and MD simulation is a significant breakthrough in the field of mechanical mechanism in cell system.     

Isolation and characterization of rl（t）, a gene that controls leaf rolling in rice

Moderate leaf rolling is one of the most important morphological traits in rice breeding for plant ideotype. Previous studies have shown that the rl（t） gene has a high breeding potential for developing hybrid-rice varieties with an ideal ideotype, because it leads to an appropriate leaf rolling index （LRI） of about 30 % in the heterozygous state, and had a positive effect on grain yield. In this study, we isolated rl（t） and performed a preliminary investigation of its function in regulating leaf rolling in rice. DNA sequencing identified a single base change （G to T） in the finely mapped region （11 kb） containing rl（t）, and this is located in 3′-untranslated region （3′-UTR） of the only predicted gene, Roc5 （Rice outermost cell-specific）. The expression level of Roc5 is significantly higher in the rl（t） mutant than in the wild-type. Using RNAi and overexpression analysis, we found that the expression level of Roc5 correlated with LRI and leaf bulliform area, and wasalso associated with leaf abaxial or adaxial rolling. These results confirmed that Roc5 controls leaf rolling in a dosagedependent manner. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a conserved 17-nt sequence （called the GU-rich element） in the 3′-UTR of HD-GL2 （Homeodomain-Glabra2） family genes including Roc5. Based on the model of this element in regulating mRNA stability in mammals, we speculate that the single nucleotide change in this element accounts for the higher expression level of Roc5 in the rl（t） mutant compared to the wild-type, which ultimately leads to adaxial rolling of the leaf. This discovery further enhances our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf rolling in rice.     

Characterization of cocrystals formed by grinding amino acids through terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

In this paper,we used terahertz time-domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS)over a range of 0.3–2.5 THz to investigate the formation of solid-state cocrystals of amino acids,formed by grinding mixtures of two different kinds of amino acids.For comparison,we prepared dual-layer samples,combined by pressing two single-component pellets together without grinding.In the ground-mixture samples,some extra absorption peaks appeared,different from the characteristic peaks of the pure components,but these peaks did not appear in the dual-layer samples.Thus,these extra absorption peaks in the THz range are unique features of cocrystals.From our results,we believe that THz-TDS is a promising technique to characterize cocrystals.     

4,4＇-二氯甲基联苯自聚合树脂合成条件优化及表征

通过正交实验对4,4＇-二氯甲基联苯（BCMBP）自聚合反应的工艺条件进行优化,对4种影响因素进行考察,得到影响产品比表面积大小因素的顺序为：预聚合时间、预聚合温度、单体浓度和催化剂用量.在优化条件下所得树脂的比表面积为1 512.66 m^2/g,树脂具有丰富的微孔和较高的聚合度.通过氮气吸附-脱附、SEM和热失重实验对树脂的孔径分布、微观形貌和热稳定性进行了研究.     

西瓜八氢番茄红素合成酶基因全长的克隆与表达分析

通过RT-PCR和RACE技术从西瓜果实中克隆八氢番茄红素合成酶（PSY）基因的cDNA全长,用生物信息学方法对其cDNA序列及推测氨基酸序列进行分析,并用实时荧光定量PCR技术研究PSY在不同瓤色西瓜果实发育过程中的表达情况.结果表明,PSY基因cDNA全长1 561 bp（GenBank登录号为KC166870）,其开放阅读框为1 266 bp,编码421个氨基酸.该基因及其推导的氨基酸序列与同为葫芦科的其他植物的PSY及氨基酸序列的同源性分别为87％和91％以上;序列分析显示,PSY氨基酸序列N末端存在转运肽信号序列.不同瓤色西瓜果实发育过程中PSY的表达存在明显差异,红瓤果实中的表达量最高,这表明PSY可能与红瓤果实中积累较多的类胡萝卜素有关;PSY的表达量均高于PSY-A,推测PSY基因主要负责果实中类胡萝卜素的合成.     

半严格-（B,G）-半预不变凸函数的性质与应用研究

主要研究了半严格-（B,G）-半预不变凸函数的性质与应用,首先通过举例子来说明半严格-（B,G）-半预不变凸函数的存在性且区别于半严格-G-半预不变凸函数、G半预不变凸函数、半严格-G预不变凸函数与严格-（B,G）-半预不变凸函数;然后给出了半严格-（B,G）-半预不变凸性的一些基本性质;最后分别在无约束与不等式约束下,获得了两类半严格-（B,G）-半预不变凸规划问题解的最优性结果。     

壳聚糖与DNA相互作用的单分子方法研究

利用原子力显微镜与磁镊技术研究不同浓度的壳聚糖与多种DNA分子的作用,对其凝聚形态及力谱曲线进行观察。在恒力情况下,壳聚糖与DNA的电荷比k分别为3和4时,从DNA的力谱曲线上可以看见0.2~0.5μm左右的跳跃阶梯及线性增长区域,原因可能是壳聚糖-DNA聚合物中出现了环状、棒状及球状结构;利用原子力显微镜观察壳聚糖与λ-DNA及bpr322-DNA作用后的凝聚形态,发现随着壳聚糖与DNA电荷比k的增加,球状与棒状聚合物的比例明显减小,而且凝聚物的尺寸也整体减小。最后根据实验结果,建立了壳聚糖导致DNA构象变化的直观模型。